Oil burner



E S. HOYT OIL BURNER June 7, 1932.

Filed Sept. 20, 1930 3 Sheets-Sheet l June 7, 1932. 5, HOYT 1,862,401

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 20, 1930 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 7, 1932.

' E. s. HOYT 1,862,401

OIL BURNER Filed Sept. 20, 1950 3 Sheets-Sheet 5 Patented June 7, 1932 1,862,4ill

PATENT OFFICE ERNEST S. I-IOY'I, OF PEPIN, WISCONSIN OIL BURNER Application filed September 20, 1930. Serial No. 483,354.

This invention relates to an improved oil burner of single or multiple type such as is designed for incorporation in a domestic boiler or equivalent heating. apparatus.

In carrying the inventive construction into practice I have developed a practicable organization of mechanical parts which are appropriately selected and related to provide a structure which will better fulfill the requirements of a burner of this classification through the assurance of simplicity in construction and dependable efficiency in operation and use.

The particular details which constitute the novelty of the invention will become more readily apparent from the following description and drawings.

In the drawings:

Figure 1 is a top plan view of a duplex burner assembly developed and depicted in accordance with the present inventive conception.

Figure 2 is a longitudinal vertical sectional view through the same.

Figure 3 is a horizontal section on approximately the line 33 of Figure 2, but with the fire boxes removed.

Figure 4 is a transverse section on the line 44 of Figure 1.

Figure 5 is an enlarged detail sectional view of the combustion nozzle and mountlng therefor.

Figures 6 and 7 are sectional views on the lines 66 and 7-7 respectively of Figure 5. 1 The base or foundation of the structure is 0 will be observed that the numerals 12 desiggenerally denoted by the numeral 8. It comprises a suitable frame 9 here shown as of general rectangular configuration having opening 9 formed therein to admit air thereto as shown in Figures 2 and 1. Seated on the top edge of this frame is a base plate 10 which cooperates with the frame in combining an air inclosure beneath the structure. In the illustration of the inventive construction in Figure 2 are shown a pair of burners.

The construction of each one is the same and the description of one will suflice for both. In connection with this part ofthe invention I first call attention to Figure 3 wherein it 1 1. Confined within the limits of the U shaped channel 13 is a block like element 15 of V-shape cross section which constitutes a flame breaker and spreader.

Bordering the deflector and spreader block 15 is the fire box generally denoted by the numeral 16. Incidentally all of these parts are constructed of appropriate fire clay of suitable dependable texture. This fire box includes spaced inwardly and upwardly inclined walls 17 and end walls 18 and 19 respectively. It is to be observed that the end wall or frontal parts 19 terminate in spaced relation from the adjacent portion of the collection groove 13 as shown better in Figure 2. This frontal wall 19 as detailed in Figure 5 is provided with a horizontal duct or flame passage for projection of the flame into the fire box. This duct is lined with a metal sleeve 20 which forms a sort of a combustion barrel. The burner nozzle 21 is seated snugly in the intake end of the barrel and terminates about midway of the end of the barrel. This nozzle includes passages 22 and 23 which merge and come together at the apex point to provide the desired discharge orifice. This produces the desired mixture for airand oil and allows appropriate projection of the flame jet or stream. Extending into the passage 22 is an oil delivery pipe 24 and extending into the passage 23 is an air supply pipe 25. These pipes branch away from and have connection with main supply pipes, the main air supply pipe being designated at 26 and the oil pipe at 27 in Figure 2. Suitable control valves 28 and 29 are provided and in addition a safety valve 30 maybe provided in each oil branch pipe if desired. In Figure 2 the numeral 31 designates additional intake pipes for carrying surplus oil to the drain pipe 14. This tion of the combustion barrel 20.

-, spreader 15.

Simultaneously air is supplied through :the'. pipes 26 and into the passage 23where 1 the air and oil are mixed at the nozzle.

The mixture is ignited and the combustion takes place within the area of the sleeve 20 and the flame is projected into the fire box 16 where it is spread uniformly by contact with .the Additional air and draft is provided by way of the spaced parallel slots 12 on opposite sides of the block. Surplus oilis carried from the grooves 13 by the drain branch 14a as well as from the sleeve 20 by the branch 31 back to the pipe 14 which leads to theoil pot (not shown). The desired concentration and flame conformation takes place within the area of the wall of the fire box whereby to produce the desired source of heat.

In the duplex arrangement of burners ll1llS1 trated in the drawings it is obvious that the foundation is so formed as to accommodate the double arrangement of piping whereby:

- the single air and oil pipe 26 serves to simultaneously feed fuel to both burners. The. principal of operation and construction however is the same whether the invention is of single or double type. The claims, willztherefore appear in singular terminology, it being understood that such claimscomprehend a multiple formation if practice requires it.

The device is to be set on a grate of the furnace or stove or is to be otherwise sup-1 ported in spaced relation from the bottom of the ash pit, so that air will enter through the bottom of the base 8 and flow-into the fire boxes 16 through the slot 12. The mixture of oil and air flowing from the nozzles is fur-..

ther mixed in the sleeve 20 and the mixture is ignited in any suitable manner such as-by a pilot flame. The flame passing from the chamber formed by the sleeve 20 strikes-the beveled end of the block 5 and this block acts todivide the flame and said block soon becomes intensely heated and will insure ignis tion of any particles of oil in the mixture not ignited before striking the block. The air passing through the slots 12 will insure combustion of the mixture and the products of i this oil would pass down the pipes 31 and l la or anydesired construction.

into the drain pipe 14, which would lead the oil to the usual safety pot which would act in the usual or any desired manner to cut off the supply of oil.

This pot may be so connected to the safety valve as to close said valve when the pot becomes ovei'balanced by the oil flowingthereintothrough the pipe 14.

As before stated, this pot and its connection to the shutting off means of the oil Sl1pply are not shownas these may be of the usual The V-shape of the deflector block 15 and the burning mixture should. be directed into the streams of air passing through the elongated slot 12 and the sloping walls of the fire box acts to force the air streams and the burning mixture to the center. ofthe box and the products of combustion escape from the upper end of the box with considerable velocity and thiisuthe walls of the furnace can be heated.

It isthoiight that persons skilled in the,

ment of details coming within the field of invention clai med may be resorted to in actual.

practice, if desired.

I claim:

1..An oil burner of the class described comprising. a hollow'base having. anopen- .ing therein for the admission of air, the.

Therefore, a

'. top of the base having a pair of spaced aelongated' slots" therein. through which the air passes from the base, .a firebox seated on x the baseand enclosing the slots, anv elongated deflector block located in the fire box and.

- placed between the slots, saidblock being of V-shape in cross section, said block having one end spaced from a wall of the box, said a wall having an openingtherein in alinement with the block,.means for introducing a mix? iio . ture of liquid fuel and air into said opening,;.

and those walls ofthe fire boxwhich are parallel to the block sloping upwardly and inwardly.

2. .An' oil burner ofthe class described comprising a hollow base having an openingm' therein for the admission of air, the top of the base-having a pair of spaced elongated slots therein through which the airpasses from the base, a fire box seated on the base and enclosing the slot, an elongated deflector block located in the fire box and placed between the slots, said block being of V-shape in cross section, said block having one end spaced from a wall of the box, said wall ham K iiig anopening therein in alinement with the block, means for introducing a mixture of liquid fuel and air into the said opening, and

those walls of the fire box which are parallel to the block sloping upwardly and inwardly, the top surface of the base having a U-shaped groove therein located within the fire box with the limbs placed between the air block and the block and its bight portion placed between the end of the block and the adjacent wall of the fire box, and drain means connected with said bight part of the groove.

3. An oil burner of the class described comprising a hollow base having an opening therein for the admission of air, the top of the base having a pair of spaced elongated slots therein through which the air passes from the base, a fire box, seated on the base and enclosing the slot, an elongated deflector block located in the fire box and placed between the slots, said block being of V-shape in cross section, said block having one end Spaced from a wall of the box, said wall having an opening therein in alinement with the block, means for introducing a mixture of liquid fuel and air into the said opening, and those walls of the fire box which are parallel to the block sloping upwardly and inwardly, the top surface of the base having a U-shaped groove therein located within the fire box and with the limbs placed between the air block and the block and its bight portion placed between the end of the block and the adjacent wall of the fire box, drain means connected with said bight part of the groove, and drain means leading from the mixture Iintroducing openings in the wall of the fire In testimony whereof I aflix my signature.

ERNEST S. HOYT. 

